Publikationen

• Huber, Stephan, Tamara Friedenberger, Parzival Borlinghaus, and Sara Wolf. “Wax Arts With Honeybees – Taking First Steps Toward Multispecies Co-Creation”. In Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction. TEI ’25. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1145/3689050.3705990.
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  Centuries of beekeeping restricted the honeybees’ role to a producer of raw material, such as honey or wax, which is then harvested and processed, resulting in all artistic value being added by humans. In this project, we regard honeybees (Apis mellifera) as co-creators and explore the joint creations of our two species. During our first season, we scoped the co-creative space over the course of four months. We present image material of sculptures that exceed bees’ natural building behavior and contribute preliminary insights on artifacts originating from human-bee co-creation. We reflect on how human-introduced wax shapes made the bees deviate from their regular comb forms and discuss future paths of multi-species co-creation, temporality, material as well as ethical aspects. Our preliminary insights raise questions to be developed in discussions with the TEI community and answered in future work during the upcoming bee seasons.

  @inproceedings{huber2025honeybees, abstract = {Centuries of beekeeping restricted the honeybees’ role to a producer of raw material, such as honey or wax, which is then harvested and processed, resulting in all artistic value being added by humans. In this project, we regard honeybees (Apis mellifera) as co-creators and explore the joint creations of our two species. During our first season, we scoped the co-creative space over the course of four months. We present image material of sculptures that exceed bees’ natural building behavior and contribute preliminary insights on artifacts originating from human-bee co-creation. We reflect on how human-introduced wax shapes made the bees deviate from their regular comb forms and discuss future paths of multi-species co-creation, temporality, material as well as ethical aspects. Our preliminary insights raise questions to be developed in discussions with the TEI community and answered in future work during the upcoming bee seasons.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Huber, Stephan and Friedenberger, Tamara and Borlinghaus, Parzival and Wolf, Sara}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction}, keywords = {friedenberger}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {TEI '25}, title = {Wax Arts With Honeybees – Taking First Steps Toward Multispecies Co-Creation}, year = 2025 }
• Claisse, Caroline, David Chatting, Sara Wolf, Ben Morris, and Abigail C Durrant. “Resound: A Moment of Reflection in a Techno-Spiritual RtD Inquiry”. In Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction. TEI ’25. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1145/3689050.3704422.
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  We present 'Resound', a Research through Design inquiry into alternative techno-spiritual practices of a UK Buddhist community, informed by a first-person and participatory approach with the members. In this pictorial we portray a moment of reflection as we consolidate our design work towards deployment with the community. We introduce the Resound Sphere, a materialisation of our learning and speculations to date, designed as a research product to empirically explore alternatives for how tangible interaction could mediate religious/spiritual practices. We contribute with the framing of a design space, the presentation of our design approach and artefact response to this design space.

  @inproceedings{claisse2025resound, abstract = {We present 'Resound', a Research through Design inquiry into alternative techno-spiritual practices of a UK Buddhist community, informed by a first-person and participatory approach with the members. In this pictorial we portray a moment of reflection as we consolidate our design work towards deployment with the community. We introduce the Resound Sphere, a materialisation of our learning and speculations to date, designed as a research product to empirically explore alternatives for how tangible interaction could mediate religious/spiritual practices. We contribute with the framing of a design space, the presentation of our design approach and artefact response to this design space.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Claisse, Caroline and Chatting, David and Wolf, Sara and Morris, Ben and Durrant, Abigail C}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction}, keywords = {wolf}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {TEI '25}, title = {Resound: A Moment of Reflection in a Techno-Spiritual RtD Inquiry}, year = 2025 }
• Nord, Ilona, Sara Wolf, Simon Luthe, J"o}rn Hurtienne, and Leon Schleier. “Segen Interaktiv: Die Interdisziplinäre Entwicklung Eines Außerschulischen Lernortes Zu Interreligiösen Segensräumen”. In Digitale Medien in Lehr-Lern-Konzepten Der Lehrpersonenbildung in interdisziplin"a}rer Perspektive: Ergebnisse Des Forschungsprojekts Connected Teacher Education, edited by Angelika F"u}ting-Lippert, Maria Eisenmann, Silke Grafe, Hans-Stefan Siller, and Thomas Trefzger, 121-39. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-45088-5_8.
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  Religionskulturen nehmen zunehmend Designformate von Digital Religion an. Dabei zeigt sich als religionsp"a}dagogisch nahezu unerforscht die didaktisch reflektierte User Experience und das Design von digitalen Lehr- und Lernszenarien. AP6 geht aus der Perspektive der interdisziplin"a}ren Zusammenarbeit von Human--Computer Interaction und Ev. Religionsp"a}dagogik davon aus, dass Religionen und mit ihnen Glaubenspraxen am gesellschaftlichen Wandel zu einer Kultur der Digitalit"a}t teilhaben. Es wird auf vorangehende Studien aufgebaut, die zeigen, dass die Erwartung von Lehrpersonen, guten Unterricht mit digitalen Medien gestalten zu k"o}nnen, von positiven Vorerfahrungen mit diesen abh"a}ngt. Das Projekt greift hierf"u}r exemplarisch die innerhalb von digitalen Kommunikationen verbreitete religi"o}se Urgeste des Segens und Segnens auf. In einem iterativen Prozess entstanden interaktive Exponate, sogenannte Blessing Machines. Sie wurden entlang psychologischer Bed"u}rfnisse mit dem Ziel gestaltet, f"u}r Sch"u}ler:innen und ihre Lehrpersonen religionserschliess}ende Erfahrungen mit digitalem Lernen zu erm"o}glichen. 200 Personen testeten die dreizehn Blessing Machines (Schulklasse, Konfirmandengruppen) in the wild. Religionslehrpersonen wurden hierbei von der „Logistik`` des Einsatzes digitaler Medien im Unterricht entlastet. Der auss}erschulische Lernort erf"u}llte die wichtige Funktion, Sch"u}ler:innen und Lehrpersonen gelingende Erfahrungen mit Digital Religion zu erm"o}glichen. Die Gestaltung der Blessing Machines hat sich als wirksam herausgestellt, besonders Aspekte von Autonomie, Stimulation, Verbundenheit, Gemeinschaft und Provokation wurden positiv hervorgehoben.

  @inbook{nord2025segen, abstract = {Religionskulturen nehmen zunehmend Designformate von Digital Religion an. Dabei zeigt sich als religionsp{\"a}dagogisch nahezu unerforscht die didaktisch reflektierte User Experience und das Design von digitalen Lehr- und Lernszenarien. AP6 geht aus der Perspektive der interdisziplin{\"a}ren Zusammenarbeit von Human–Computer Interaction und Ev. Religionsp{\"a}dagogik davon aus, dass Religionen und mit ihnen Glaubenspraxen am gesellschaftlichen Wandel zu einer Kultur der Digitalit{\"a}t teilhaben. Es wird auf vorangehende Studien aufgebaut, die zeigen, dass die Erwartung von Lehrpersonen, guten Unterricht mit digitalen Medien gestalten zu k{\"o}nnen, von positiven Vorerfahrungen mit diesen abh{\"a}ngt. Das Projekt greift hierf{\"u}r exemplarisch die innerhalb von digitalen Kommunikationen verbreitete religi{\"o}se Urgeste des Segens und Segnens auf. In einem iterativen Prozess entstanden interaktive Exponate, sogenannte Blessing Machines. Sie wurden entlang psychologischer Bed{\"u}rfnisse mit dem Ziel gestaltet, f{\"u}r Sch{\"u}ler:innen und ihre Lehrpersonen religionserschlie{\ss}ende Erfahrungen mit digitalem Lernen zu erm{\"o}glichen. 200 Personen testeten die dreizehn Blessing Machines (Schulklasse, Konfirmandengruppen) in the wild. Religionslehrpersonen wurden hierbei von der „Logistik`` des Einsatzes digitaler Medien im Unterricht entlastet. Der au{\ss}erschulische Lernort erf{\"u}llte die wichtige Funktion, Sch{\"u}ler:innen und Lehrpersonen gelingende Erfahrungen mit Digital Religion zu erm{\"o}glichen. Die Gestaltung der Blessing Machines hat sich als wirksam herausgestellt, besonders Aspekte von Autonomie, Stimulation, Verbundenheit, Gemeinschaft und Provokation wurden positiv hervorgehoben.}, address = {Wiesbaden}, author = {Nord, Ilona and Wolf, Sara and Luthe, Simon and Hurtienne, J{\"o}rn and Schleier, Leon}, booktitle = {Digitale Medien in Lehr-Lern-Konzepten der Lehrpersonenbildung in interdisziplin{\"a}rer Perspektive: Ergebnisse des Forschungsprojekts Connected Teacher Education}, editor = {F{\"u}ting-Lippert, Angelika and Eisenmann, Maria and Grafe, Silke and Siller, Hans-Stefan and Trefzger, Thomas}, keywords = {hurtienne}, pages = {121–139}, publisher = {Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden}, title = {Segen Interaktiv: die Interdisziplinäre Entwicklung Eines Außerschulischen Lernortes zu Interreligiösen Segensräumen}, year = 2025 }
• Papenfuß, Nathalie, and Sara Wolf. “Speculative Probe Items to Capture Fluid Religious and Spiritual Belonging in HCI”. Madeira, Portugal: DIS’25 Workshop, 2025. https://publications.wolf-research.com/2025-dis-ws-soulmate.pdf.
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  With this submission, we respond to the workshop’s theme of fluidity and explore how religious and/or spiritual (R/S) belonging might be captured in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) projects that take R/S fluidity seriously. We make a case for probes as a useful approach and present speculative examples of potential probe items to capture fluid R/S belonging. The examples are rooted in an ongoing interdisciplinary project between Protestant theology and HCI, SoulMate, that explores ways to support young adults in navigating existential questions.

  @misc{papenfu2025speculative, abstract = {With this submission, we respond to the workshop’s theme of fluidity and explore how religious and/or spiritual (R/S) belonging might be captured in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) projects that take R/S fluidity seriously. We make a case for probes as a useful approach and present speculative examples of potential probe items to capture fluid R/S belonging. The examples are rooted in an ongoing interdisciplinary project between Protestant theology and HCI, SoulMate, that explores ways to support young adults in navigating existential questions.}, address = {Madeira, Portugal}, author = {Papenfuß, Nathalie and Wolf, Sara}, howpublished = {DIS'25 Workshop: Diving Into the Ocean of Religious and Spiritual Design Research}, keywords = {papenfuß}, publisher = {DIS'25 Workshop}, title = {Speculative Probe Items to Capture Fluid Religious and Spiritual Belonging in HCI}, year = 2025 }
• Wolf, Sara, Tobias Grundgeiger, Raphael Z"a}hringer, Lora Shishkova, Franzisca Maas, Christina Dilling, and Oliver Happel. “How a Clinical Decision Support System Changed the Diagnosis Process: Insights from an Experimental Mixed-Method Study in a Full-Scale Anesthesiology Simulation”. In Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI ’25. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1145/3706598.3713372.
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  Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have sparked discussions on how clinical decision-making can be supported. New clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) have been developed and evaluated through workshops and interviews. However, limited research exists on how CDSSs affect decision-making as it unfolds, particularly in settings such as acute care, where decisions are made collaboratively under time pressure and uncertainty. Using a mixed-method study, we explored the impact of a CDSS on decision-making in anesthetic teams during simulated operating room crises. Fourteen anesthetic teams participated in high-fidelity simulations, half using a CDSS prototype for comparative analysis. Qualitative findings from conversation analysis and quantitative results on decision-making efficiency and workload revealed that the CDSS changed team structure, communication, and diagnostic processes. It homogenized decision-making, empowered nursing staff, and introduced friction between analytical and intuitive thinking. We discuss whether these changes are beneficial or detrimental and offer insights to guide future CDSS design.

  @inproceedings{wolf2025clinical, abstract = {Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have sparked discussions on how clinical decision-making can be supported. New clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) have been developed and evaluated through workshops and interviews. However, limited research exists on how CDSSs affect decision-making as it unfolds, particularly in settings such as acute care, where decisions are made collaboratively under time pressure and uncertainty. Using a mixed-method study, we explored the impact of a CDSS on decision-making in anesthetic teams during simulated operating room crises. Fourteen anesthetic teams participated in high-fidelity simulations, half using a CDSS prototype for comparative analysis. Qualitative findings from conversation analysis and quantitative results on decision-making efficiency and workload revealed that the CDSS changed team structure, communication, and diagnostic processes. It homogenized decision-making, empowered nursing staff, and introduced friction between analytical and intuitive thinking. We discuss whether these changes are beneficial or detrimental and offer insights to guide future CDSS design.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Wolf, Sara and Grundgeiger, Tobias and Z\"{a}hringer, Raphael and Shishkova, Lora and Maas, Franzisca and Dilling, Christina and Happel, Oliver}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, keywords = {grundgeiger}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {CHI '25}, title = {How a Clinical Decision Support System Changed the Diagnosis Process: Insights from an Experimental Mixed-Method Study in a Full-Scale Anesthesiology Simulation}, year = 2025 }
• Heinisch, Melina Joline, Sara Wolf, Franzisca Maas, and Stephan Huber. “Participation User Experience: A Call to Better Manage the Most Important Resource in User-Centered Design”. In Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI EA ’25. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1145/3706599.3719918.
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  Participating users are the foundation of user-centered design. However, there is a limited understanding of their motivation, engagement, and experience participating in research. In this work, we propose the concept of Participation User Experience (PUX), which addresses participants’ experiences in user-centered design. To set a scope for PUX, we conducted a reflexive thematic analysis on workshop data involving 20 experienced user-centered design practitioners and researchers. The analysis yielded five themes, making explicit aspects of PUX that have been implicitly considered and how their consideration could be improved. Great potential lies in addressing intrinsic motivations over extrinsic incentives and developing more structured approaches to planning and measuring PUX to mitigate various sources of bias related to incentives or Experimenter Effects. We contribute to a first understanding of PUX, point to persisting research gaps, and present practical implications for improving participants’ experiences in user-centered design.

  @inproceedings{heinisch2025participation, abstract = {Participating users are the foundation of user-centered design. However, there is a limited understanding of their motivation, engagement, and experience participating in research. In this work, we propose the concept of Participation User Experience (PUX), which addresses participants’ experiences in user-centered design. To set a scope for PUX, we conducted a reflexive thematic analysis on workshop data involving 20 experienced user-centered design practitioners and researchers. The analysis yielded five themes, making explicit aspects of PUX that have been implicitly considered and how their consideration could be improved. Great potential lies in addressing intrinsic motivations over extrinsic incentives and developing more structured approaches to planning and measuring PUX to mitigate various sources of bias related to incentives or Experimenter Effects. We contribute to a first understanding of PUX, point to persisting research gaps, and present practical implications for improving participants’ experiences in user-centered design.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Heinisch, Melina Joline and Wolf, Sara and Maas, Franzisca and Huber, Stephan}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, keywords = {wolf}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {CHI EA '25}, title = {Participation User Experience: A Call to Better Manage the Most Important Resource in User-Centered Design}, year = 2025 }
• Wolf, Sara, David Chatting, Ben Morris, Caro Claisse, and Abigail C. Durrant. “The Resound Sphere: Co-Exploring Alternatives for Community Remote Practice of Faith”. In Proceedings of the 23rd EUSSET Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work. European Society for Socially Embedded Technologies (EUSSET), 2025. https://doi.org/10.48340/ecscw2025_pd01.
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  @incollection{wolf2025resound, author = {Wolf, Sara and Chatting, David and Morris, Ben and Claisse, Caro and Durrant, Abigail C.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd EUSSET Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work}, keywords = {wolf}, publisher = {European Society for Socially Embedded Technologies (EUSSET)}, title = {The Resound Sphere: Co-Exploring Alternatives for Community Remote Practice of Faith}, year = 2025 }
• Chatting, David, Caroline Claisse, Sara Wolf, Ben Morris, and Abigail C Durrant. “Pace Layers and Research Products”. https://thingsofdesign.info/2025/Chatting.pdf.
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  This short paper for the CHI ’25 workshop on Research Products and Time: When, For How Long, and Then What? is intended to name some of the ways our designs can encounter and manipulate different rates of change, either as an inquiry-driven Research Product or as a design proposition for an alternative. This is necessarily a work-in-progress, a form of our research thinking seeking a reflective and critical public. Having introduced our Research Through Design inquiry, we will consider the Pace Layers present in our design and influence its operation, before offering some questions to the workshop. In doing so, our intention is to broaden our conception of how our design and design research can operate in and with time.

  @misc{chatting2025layers, abstract = {This short paper for the CHI ’25 workshop on Research Products and Time: When, For How Long, and Then What? is intended to name some of the ways our designs can encounter and manipulate different rates of change, either as an inquiry-driven Research Product or as a design proposition for an alternative. This is necessarily a work-in-progress, a form of our research thinking seeking a reflective and critical public. Having introduced our Research Through Design inquiry, we will consider the Pace Layers present in our design and influence its operation, before offering some questions to the workshop. In doing so, our intention is to broaden our conception of how our design and design research can operate in and with time.}, author = {Chatting, David and Claisse, Caroline and Wolf, Sara and Morris, Ben and Durrant, Abigail C}, keywords = {wolf}, note = {Workshop on Research Products and Time: When, For How Long, And Then What?.2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. https://thingsofdesign.info/2025/Chatting.pdf}, title = {Pace Layers and Research Products}, year = 2025 }

• Wolf, Sara. “Rituals and Interactive Technologies: Designing Extraordinary Experiences”. PhD dissertation, Universit"a}t W"u}rzburg, 2024. https://doi.org/10.25972/OPUS-38832.
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  Rituals have played crucial roles in cultural, societal, and individual lives, preserving cultural memories, shaping social structures, and imbuing life with meaning. While this remains true today, rituals have evolved and people increasingly appropriate interactive technologies, even if they are not specifically designed for rituals, and irrespective of whether Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research focuses on it. However, despite rituals’ importance for people and their increasing overlap with interactive technologies, rituals and related design issues are only vaguely researched in HCI. To address these gaps and outline this emerging research area in HCI, this thesis transfers ritual theories to HCI, structures previous work applying a newly-developed classification scheme of four ritual dimensions (ritual complexity, variability, actor(s), and origin), and condenses findings from five publications that investigated real-world cases of rituals with interactive technologies, and intentionally designed interactive technologies for rituals. This thesis presents empirical evidence for the real-world existence and relevance of rituals with interactive technologies. People of all ages use various interactive technologies for diverse rituals: Young adults invent new rituals around their smartphones to feel more grown up (P1), couples simultaneously delete their dating apps to symbolise the start of a relationship (P4), and older adults use streaming platforms to participate in worship services (P2, P3). Analysing such real-world examples, this thesis develops a second classification scheme of three roles interactive technologies take in rituals: the role of facilitators simplifying ritual tasks, enablers inviting extraordinary ritual experiences, or social actors being emotionally valued and thus taking centre stage in rituals (P1). Interactive technologies were rarely intentionally designed for use in rituals, especially as enabler or social actor, and sometimes changed rituals in undesirable ways. Therefore, this thesis delves into intentionally designing enabler and social actor technologies for rituals following a research through design approach, both in terms of the design process (P3) and outcomes (P4, P5). Three specific cases were chosen to cover the broad spectrum of rituals, from less (P4, P5) to more complex (P2, P3), prescribed (P2, P3) to newly invented (P4, P5), social (P2, P3, P4) to individual (P5) and religious (P2, P3, P5) to secular (P4). As a result, this thesis demonstrates how specific design methods, such as provotyping, can suit the unique challenges of designing interactive technologies for rituals and presents the novel provotype God-I-Box (P3). In addition, this thesis presents a novel enabler technology, El Corazón (P4), and a novel social actor technology, the Blessing Companion (P5), both intentionally designed for rituals. Reflecting on these design cases, this thesis proposes two unique experiential qualities that can inspire the future design of interactive technologies for rituals: effort of use and uncontrollability. Overall, this thesis makes empirical, artefact, methodological, and theoretical contributions that lay the foundations for ritual research in HCI. Furthermore, it provides concrete tools for analysing and designing rituals with interactive technologies, including two classification schemes and two experiential qualities, contributing to academic understanding and practical application in HCI.

  @phdthesis{wolf2024rituals, abstract = {Rituals have played crucial roles in cultural, societal, and individual lives, preserving cultural memories, shaping social structures, and imbuing life with meaning. While this remains true today, rituals have evolved and people increasingly appropriate interactive technologies, even if they are not specifically designed for rituals, and irrespective of whether Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research focuses on it. However, despite rituals’ importance for people and their increasing overlap with interactive technologies, rituals and related design issues are only vaguely researched in HCI. To address these gaps and outline this emerging research area in HCI, this thesis transfers ritual theories to HCI, structures previous work applying a newly-developed classification scheme of four ritual dimensions (ritual complexity, variability, actor(s), and origin), and condenses findings from five publications that investigated real-world cases of rituals with interactive technologies, and intentionally designed interactive technologies for rituals. This thesis presents empirical evidence for the real-world existence and relevance of rituals with interactive technologies. People of all ages use various interactive technologies for diverse rituals: Young adults invent new rituals around their smartphones to feel more grown up (P1), couples simultaneously delete their dating apps to symbolise the start of a relationship (P4), and older adults use streaming platforms to participate in worship services (P2, P3). Analysing such real-world examples, this thesis develops a second classification scheme of three roles interactive technologies take in rituals: the role of facilitators simplifying ritual tasks, enablers inviting extraordinary ritual experiences, or social actors being emotionally valued and thus taking centre stage in rituals (P1). Interactive technologies were rarely intentionally designed for use in rituals, especially as enabler or social actor, and sometimes changed rituals in undesirable ways. Therefore, this thesis delves into intentionally designing enabler and social actor technologies for rituals following a research through design approach, both in terms of the design process (P3) and outcomes (P4, P5). Three specific cases were chosen to cover the broad spectrum of rituals, from less (P4, P5) to more complex (P2, P3), prescribed (P2, P3) to newly invented (P4, P5), social (P2, P3, P4) to individual (P5) and religious (P2, P3, P5) to secular (P4). As a result, this thesis demonstrates how specific design methods, such as provotyping, can suit the unique challenges of designing interactive technologies for rituals and presents the novel provotype God-I-Box (P3). In addition, this thesis presents a novel enabler technology, El Corazón (P4), and a novel social actor technology, the Blessing Companion (P5), both intentionally designed for rituals. Reflecting on these design cases, this thesis proposes two unique experiential qualities that can inspire the future design of interactive technologies for rituals: effort of use and uncontrollability. Overall, this thesis makes empirical, artefact, methodological, and theoretical contributions that lay the foundations for ritual research in HCI. Furthermore, it provides concrete tools for analysing and designing rituals with interactive technologies, including two classification schemes and two experiential qualities, contributing to academic understanding and practical application in HCI.}, author = {Wolf, Sara}, keywords = {wolf}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, title = {Rituals and Interactive Technologies: Designing Extraordinary Experiences}, type = {doctoralthesis}, year = 2024 }
• Markum, Robert B., Franzisca Maas, Sara Wolf, Brett A. Halperin, Caroline Claisse, and Elizabeth Buie. “Navigating Intersections of Religion Spirituality and Human-Computer Interaction”. In Adjunct Proceedings of the 2024 Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. NordiCHI ’24 Adjunct. Uppsala, Sweden: Association for Computing Machinery, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1145/3677045.3685453.
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  Religion and spirituality (R/S) are an important part of many people’s lives, and while HCI is increasingly engaged in research and design in specific R/S contexts, there are many cases where researchers or designers encounter R/S outside of such contexts. In this workshop, we seek to bring together HCI researchers and designers across all research areas and with varying levels of experience with R/S to discuss encounters with R/S in their work, either intentional or not, and to develop principles and strategies to guide HCI research and design that intersects with R/S. Through this workshop, we also seek to further establish a network of scholars who can provide each other support in navigating R/S-related challenges and opportunities in their work and can participate in publication-oriented collaborations that consider the intersection of R/S and HCI.

  @inproceedings{markum2024navigating, abstract = {Religion and spirituality (R/S) are an important part of many people’s lives, and while HCI is increasingly engaged in research and design in specific R/S contexts, there are many cases where researchers or designers encounter R/S outside of such contexts. In this workshop, we seek to bring together HCI researchers and designers across all research areas and with varying levels of experience with R/S to discuss encounters with R/S in their work, either intentional or not, and to develop principles and strategies to guide HCI research and design that intersects with R/S. Through this workshop, we also seek to further establish a network of scholars who can provide each other support in navigating R/S-related challenges and opportunities in their work and can participate in publication-oriented collaborations that consider the intersection of R/S and HCI.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Markum, Robert B. and Maas, Franzisca and Wolf, Sara and Halperin, Brett A. and Claisse, Caroline and Buie, Elizabeth}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings of the 2024 Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction}, keywords = {wolf}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {NordiCHI '24 Adjunct}, title = {Navigating Intersections of Religion/Spirituality and Human-Computer Interaction}, year = 2024 }
• Maas, Franzisca, Torben Volkman, Julian Jarke, Arne Berger, Andreas Bischof, Sandra Buchmüller, Claude Draude, et al. “Partizipative Und Sozialverantwortliche Technikentwicklung”. Bonn, DE: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V, 2024. https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2024-mci-ws18-104.
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  In this workshop, researchers and practitioners will meet to exchange ideas and discuss the participation of people in technology design processes. They will explore the question of how participation can meet the demand for democratisation and empowerment in research and practice. The workshop also serves as the annual meeting of the "Fachgruppe Partizipation" in the Human-Computer Interaction (MCI) section of the German Informatics Society (GI).

  @misc{maas2024partizipative, abstract = {In this workshop, researchers and practitioners will meet to exchange ideas and discuss the participation of people in technology design processes. They will explore the question of how participation can meet the demand for democratisation and empowerment in research and practice. The workshop also serves as the annual meeting of the "Fachgruppe Partizipation" in the Human-Computer Interaction (MCI) section of the German Informatics Society (GI).}, address = {Bonn, DE}, author = {Maas, Franzisca and Volkman, Torben and Jarke, Julian and Berger, Arne and Bischof, Andreas and Buchmüller, Sandra and Draude, Claude and Gaertner, Wanda and Horn, Viktoria and Maaß, Susanne and Marsden, Nicola and Mucha, Henrik and Struzek, David and Stepczynski, Jan and Wolf, Sara}, howpublished = {Mensch und Computer 2024 - Workshopband}, keywords = {wolf}, publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.}, title = {Partizipative und Sozialverantwortliche Technikentwicklung}, year = 2024 }
• Claisse, Caroline, David Chatting, Sara Wolf, Ben Morris, and Abigail C Durrant. “Making Alternatives Through Design for Mediated Spiritual Practice”. In Proceedings of the Halfway to the Future Symposium. HttF ’24. Santa Cruz, CA, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1145/3686169.3686190.
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  The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified our dependence on screen-based devices, re-shaping how we connect with one another. Motivated by a yearning for alternative and post-pandemic religious and spiritual (R/S) practice, we pursue a Research-through-Design (RtD) project, Resound, exploring mediated technospiritual connections with a UK-based Buddhist community. This pictorial depicts the complexity of (i) designing with spiritual-corporeal selves engaged in community-centred and ritualistic practices; (ii) and tangible artefacts and sonic environments being made, configured and practiced with. We reflect on this ongoing material engagement as making tangible alternatives through techno-spiritual practice.

  @inproceedings{claisse2024making, abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified our dependence on screen-based devices, re-shaping how we connect with one another. Motivated by a yearning for alternative and post-pandemic religious and spiritual (R/S) practice, we pursue a Research-through-Design (RtD) project, Resound, exploring mediated technospiritual connections with a UK-based Buddhist community. This pictorial depicts the complexity of (i) designing with spiritual-corporeal selves engaged in community-centred and ritualistic practices; (ii) and tangible artefacts and sonic environments being made, configured and practiced with. We reflect on this ongoing material engagement as making tangible alternatives through techno-spiritual practice.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Claisse, Caroline and Chatting, David and Wolf, Sara and Morris, Ben and Durrant, Abigail C}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Halfway to the Future Symposium}, keywords = {wolf}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {HttF '24}, title = {Making Alternatives Through Design for Mediated Spiritual Practice}, year = 2024 }
• Ppali, Sophia, Marina Pasia, Sara Wolf, Jihae Han, Reese Muntean, Minyoung Yoo, Kasper Rodil, et al. “Sensing Heritage: Exploring Creative Approaches for Capturing, Experiencing and Safeguarding the Sensorial Aspects of Cultural Heritage”. In Companion Publication of the 2024 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference, 445–448. DIS ’24 Companion. IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark: Association for Computing Machinery, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1145/3656156.3658400.
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  Whilst there is increasing work investigating the role of digital documentation, interpretation, and augmentation of cultural heritage, such interventions have largely focused on visual and sometimes auditory modalities, neglecting the full spectrum of human senses. With this workshop we seek to bring together an interdisciplinary group of researchers, designers, practitioners and community members to explore creative approaches for documenting and experiencing cultural heritage’s rich sensory dimensions extending beyond visual-based approaches to encompass sound, smell, taste, and touch. The workshop directly aligns with the conference’s exploration of "Why Design?" by utilising design as a powerful, empathetic, and participatory tool for safeguarding cultural heritage. Our goal is to extend our understanding of concepts, methods and technologies for capturing and experiencing sensory heritage, advocating for a holistic approach that celebrates and communicates the profound sensory diversity of human cultures, inspiring a shift in how we document, interpret and share cultural heritage.

  @inproceedings{ppali2024sensing, abstract = {Whilst there is increasing work investigating the role of digital documentation, interpretation, and augmentation of cultural heritage, such interventions have largely focused on visual and sometimes auditory modalities, neglecting the full spectrum of human senses. With this workshop we seek to bring together an interdisciplinary group of researchers, designers, practitioners and community members to explore creative approaches for documenting and experiencing cultural heritage’s rich sensory dimensions extending beyond visual-based approaches to encompass sound, smell, taste, and touch. The workshop directly aligns with the conference’s exploration of "Why Design?" by utilising design as a powerful, empathetic, and participatory tool for safeguarding cultural heritage. Our goal is to extend our understanding of concepts, methods and technologies for capturing and experiencing sensory heritage, advocating for a holistic approach that celebrates and communicates the profound sensory diversity of human cultures, inspiring a shift in how we document, interpret and share cultural heritage.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Ppali, Sophia and Pasia, Marina and Wolf, Sara and Han, Jihae and Muntean, Reese and Yoo, Minyoung and Rodil, Kasper and Berger, Arne and Papallas, Andreas and Ciolfi, Luigina and Stevens, John and Covaci, Alexandra}, booktitle = {Companion Publication of the 2024 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference}, keywords = {wolf}, pages = {445–448}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {DIS '24 Companion}, title = {Sensing Heritage: Exploring Creative Approaches for Capturing, Experiencing and Safeguarding the Sensorial Aspects of Cultural Heritage}, year = 2024 }
• Smith, C. Estelle, Alemitu Bezabih, Diana Freed, Brett A. Halperin, Sara Wolf, Caroline Claisse, Jingjin Li, Michael Hoefer, and Mohammad Rashidujjaman Rifat. “(Un)designing AI for Mental and Spiritual Wellbeing”. In Companion Publication of the 2024 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing, 117–120. CSCW Companion ’24. San Jose, Costa Rica: Association for Computing Machinery, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1145/3678884.3689132.
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  With rapid advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) impacting human health and wellbeing, scholarly discourse should focus equally on the prospective opportunities and harms of Human-AI Interaction (HAI) in Computer-Supported Collaborative Work and Social Computing (CSCW). This panel invites critical interdisciplinary discussion around the (un)designing of AI by asking: how, when, where, and why should AI (not) be involved in sociotechnical systems for mental and spiritual health and wellbeing? Motivated by functional, technical, and ethical concerns, the panel aims to ensure that: (1) progress in HAI for mental and spiritual health is informed by expertise from the respective clinical disciplines; (2) ethical and responsible design principles lie at the core of research motivations and methodologies; and (3) AI hype can be tempered by caution given its impacts on marginalized and stigmatized groups. A panel of respected experts in mental health, spiritual care, and AI will discuss CSCW topics regarding HAI in contexts of clinical practice (e.g., electronic health records, patient portals, decision-making and referral systems, technology-supported interactions during bedside care or clinical appointments) as well as social contexts beyond the clinic (e.g., social apps, online health communities and social media, and computer-mediated communication in spiritual/religious groups).

  @inproceedings{smith2024undesigning, abstract = {With rapid advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) impacting human health and wellbeing, scholarly discourse should focus equally on the prospective opportunities and harms of Human-AI Interaction (HAI) in Computer-Supported Collaborative Work and Social Computing (CSCW). This panel invites critical interdisciplinary discussion around the (un)designing of AI by asking: how, when, where, and why should AI (not) be involved in sociotechnical systems for mental and spiritual health and wellbeing? Motivated by functional, technical, and ethical concerns, the panel aims to ensure that: (1) progress in HAI for mental and spiritual health is informed by expertise from the respective clinical disciplines; (2) ethical and responsible design principles lie at the core of research motivations and methodologies; and (3) AI hype can be tempered by caution given its impacts on marginalized and stigmatized groups. A panel of respected experts in mental health, spiritual care, and AI will discuss CSCW topics regarding HAI in contexts of clinical practice (e.g., electronic health records, patient portals, decision-making and referral systems, technology-supported interactions during bedside care or clinical appointments) as well as social contexts beyond the clinic (e.g., social apps, online health communities and social media, and computer-mediated communication in spiritual/religious groups).}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Smith, C. Estelle and Bezabih, Alemitu and Freed, Diana and Halperin, Brett A. and Wolf, Sara and Claisse, Caroline and Li, Jingjin and Hoefer, Michael and Rifat, Mohammad Rashidujjaman}, booktitle = {Companion Publication of the 2024 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing}, keywords = {wolf}, pages = {117–120}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {CSCW Companion '24}, title = {(Un)designing AI for Mental and Spiritual Wellbeing}, year = 2024 }
• Wolf, Sara, Ilona Nord, and Jörn Hurtienne. “Exploring Virtual Reality for Religious Education in Real-World Settings”. In 2024 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), 953-54. https://doi.org/10.1109/VRW62533.2024.00273.
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  Research and design of virtual reality (VR) applications for educational contexts often focus on science-related subjects and evaluate knowledge acquisition while overlooking other subjects like religious education or ‘what actually happens’ when VR is used in real-world settings. Our article combines both and presents two VR applications, Blessed Spaces and VR Pastor, designed for individual experiences in (Protestant) religious education. We deployed the applications in a real-world setting, an out-of-school learning centre. Surprisingly, the applications mediated social engagement between students. Our findings challenge traditional notions of social experiences in VR-supported education and call for more research in real-world settings.

  @inproceedings{wolf2024exploring, abstract = {Research and design of virtual reality (VR) applications for educational contexts often focus on science-related subjects and evaluate knowledge acquisition while overlooking other subjects like religious education or ‘what actually happens’ when VR is used in real-world settings. Our article combines both and presents two VR applications, Blessed Spaces and VR Pastor, designed for individual experiences in (Protestant) religious education. We deployed the applications in a real-world setting, an out-of-school learning centre. Surprisingly, the applications mediated social engagement between students. Our findings challenge traditional notions of social experiences in VR-supported education and call for more research in real-world settings.}, author = {Wolf, Sara and Nord, Ilona and Hurtienne, Jörn}, booktitle = {2024 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)}, keywords = {hurtienne}, pages = {953-954}, title = {Exploring Virtual Reality for Religious Education in Real-World Settings}, year = 2024 }
• Wolf, Sara, Paula Friedrich, and J"o}rn Hurtienne. “Still Not a Lot of Research? Re-Examining HCI Research on Religion and Spirituality”. In Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI EA ’24. Honolulu, HI, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1145/3613905.3651058.
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  A decade after Buie and Blythe’s review "Spirituality: There’s an App for That! (But Not a Lot of Research)", this sequel assesses the evolving landscape of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research on religion and spirituality. While the enduring importance of religion and spirituality for humanity and its influence on technology use remains, the last decade has seen transformative shifts catalysed by technological advances and the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper explores whether and how HCI research on religion and spirituality has also changed. Providing a snapshot of the current research, we document and reflect on changes in the lines of research with a shift towards community, an increased consideration of religion and spirituality in related areas such as health, education, and society, and the broadening of challenges for HCI research on religion and spirituality.

  @inproceedings{wolf2024still, abstract = {A decade after Buie and Blythe’s review "Spirituality: There’s an App for That! (But Not a Lot of Research)", this sequel assesses the evolving landscape of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research on religion and spirituality. While the enduring importance of religion and spirituality for humanity and its influence on technology use remains, the last decade has seen transformative shifts catalysed by technological advances and the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper explores whether and how HCI research on religion and spirituality has also changed. Providing a snapshot of the current research, we document and reflect on changes in the lines of research with a shift towards community, an increased consideration of religion and spirituality in related areas such as health, education, and society, and the broadening of challenges for HCI research on religion and spirituality.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Wolf, Sara and Friedrich, Paula and Hurtienne, J\"{o}rn}, booktitle = {Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, keywords = {hurtienne}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {CHI EA '24}, title = {Still Not a Lot of Research? Re-Examining HCI Research on Religion and Spirituality}, year = 2024 }
• Markum, Robert B., Sara Wolf, Caroline Claisse, and Michael Hoefer. “Mediating the Sacred: Configuring a Design Space for Religious and Spiritual Tangible Interactive Artifacts”. In Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction. TEI ’24. Cork, Ireland: Association for Computing Machinery, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1145/3623509.3633353.
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  Tangible artifacts and embodied experiences are central to religious and spiritual (R/S) practices, and many HCI researchers and interaction designers highlight the importance of materiality and physicality in design. In this review paper, we bring these perspectives together and examine 44 examples of R/S tangible interactive artifacts (TIAs) from academia, art, industry, and R/S communities to understand their specifics and guide future HCI research and design. We analyze these artifacts and map out a design space for R/S TIAs by matching identified characteristics of R/S TIAs with a framework from the study of material religion. The descriptive and generative R/S TIA Design Space covers insights into bodies, things, places, practices, and backgrounds. This paper offers a novel contribution to HCI research on the value and importance of tangibility and embodiment in technology-mediated practices in R/S contexts and serves as a source for future R/S TIA creation and research.

  @inproceedings{markum2024mediating, abstract = {Tangible artifacts and embodied experiences are central to religious and spiritual (R/S) practices, and many HCI researchers and interaction designers highlight the importance of materiality and physicality in design. In this review paper, we bring these perspectives together and examine 44 examples of R/S tangible interactive artifacts (TIAs) from academia, art, industry, and R/S communities to understand their specifics and guide future HCI research and design. We analyze these artifacts and map out a design space for R/S TIAs by matching identified characteristics of R/S TIAs with a framework from the study of material religion. The descriptive and generative R/S TIA Design Space covers insights into bodies, things, places, practices, and backgrounds. This paper offers a novel contribution to HCI research on the value and importance of tangibility and embodiment in technology-mediated practices in R/S contexts and serves as a source for future R/S TIA creation and research.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Markum, Robert B. and Wolf, Sara and Claisse, Caroline and Hoefer, Michael}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction}, keywords = {wolf}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {TEI '24}, title = {Mediating the Sacred: Configuring a Design Space for Religious and Spiritual Tangible Interactive Artifacts}, year = 2024 }

• Markum, Robert B., Sara Wolf, Michael Hoefer, and Franzisca Maas. “Designing Tangible Interactive Artifacts for Religious and Spiritual Purposes”. In Companion Publication of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference, 117–120. DIS ’23 Companion. Pittsburgh, PA, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1145/3563703.3591463.
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  From candles to prayer beads to icons and more, tangible artifacts have long played a central role in religious and spiritual life. However, despite growing interest in HCI on design within religious and spiritual contexts, the intentional design of tangible interactive artifacts for religious or spiritual purposes is still relatively uncommon. This workshop aims at advancing our understanding of tangible interactive artifact design in religious and spiritual contexts and how religious and spiritual purposes may offer alternative approaches to design. We invite those interested from all professional and religious/spiritual backgrounds to imagine and design tangible interactive artifacts for religious or spiritual purposes such as beliefs, practices, or rituals. The workshop will include the demonstration of (imagined) artifacts, reflection on designing for religious/spiritual purposes, and hands-on design sessions.

  @inproceedings{markum2023designing, abstract = {From candles to prayer beads to icons and more, tangible artifacts have long played a central role in religious and spiritual life. However, despite growing interest in HCI on design within religious and spiritual contexts, the intentional design of tangible interactive artifacts for religious or spiritual purposes is still relatively uncommon. This workshop aims at advancing our understanding of tangible interactive artifact design in religious and spiritual contexts and how religious and spiritual purposes may offer alternative approaches to design. We invite those interested from all professional and religious/spiritual backgrounds to imagine and design tangible interactive artifacts for religious or spiritual purposes such as beliefs, practices, or rituals. The workshop will include the demonstration of (imagined) artifacts, reflection on designing for religious/spiritual purposes, and hands-on design sessions.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Markum, Robert B. and Wolf, Sara and Hoefer, Michael and Maas, Franzisca}, booktitle = {Companion Publication of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference}, keywords = {wolf}, pages = {117–120}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {DIS '23 Companion}, title = {Designing Tangible Interactive Artifacts for Religious and Spiritual Purposes}, year = 2023 }
• Bott, Myriam, and Sara Wolf. “SustainTourism – Experiencing Tourism From Home”. Bonn, DE: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V, 2023. https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2023-mci-src-401.
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  Tourist travel contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, but exploring alternative forms of tourism is limited. Virtual tourism ofers a possible solution but is often limited to seeing other places and its added value still needs to be explored. To understand the experiences and needs of virtual tourists, we conducted a Cultural Probe study with 28 participants. Key insights from this process were to conceptualize tourism experiences as a process rather than a one-of moment, engaging all the senses or allowing to connect with locals. Based on these insights, we iteratively developed SustainTourism, an app-based platform that connects virtual tourists with experiences curated by locals. The platform guides users through a multi-day process, from anticipation to individual experiences and moments of remembrance. Our next steps involve studying the impact of SustainTourism on virtual tourism experiences and exploring additional ways to meet virtual tourists’ needs.

  @misc{bott2023sustaintourism, abstract = {Tourist travel contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, but exploring alternative forms of tourism is limited. Virtual tourism ofers a possible solution but is often limited to seeing other places and its added value still needs to be explored. To understand the experiences and needs of virtual tourists, we conducted a Cultural Probe study with 28 participants. Key insights from this process were to conceptualize tourism experiences as a process rather than a one-of moment, engaging all the senses or allowing to connect with locals. Based on these insights, we iteratively developed SustainTourism, an app-based platform that connects virtual tourists with experiences curated by locals. The platform guides users through a multi-day process, from anticipation to individual experiences and moments of remembrance. Our next steps involve studying the impact of SustainTourism on virtual tourism experiences and exploring additional ways to meet virtual tourists’ needs.}, address = {Bonn, DE}, author = {Bott, Myriam and Wolf, Sara}, howpublished = {Mensch und Computer 2023 - Workshopband}, keywords = {wolf}, publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.}, title = {SustainTourism – Experiencing Tourism From Home}, year = 2023 }
• Wolf, Sara, Simon Luthe, Lennart Baumeister, Frauke Moerike, Vyjayanthi Janakiraman, and J"o}rn Hurtienne. “Designing for Uncontrollability: Drawing Inspiration from the Blessing Companion”. In Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI ’23. Hamburg, Germany: Association for Computing Machinery, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1145/3544548.3581421.
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  This paper presents an inspirational concept for companion technology design, uncontrollability, and a corresponding artefact, the Blessing Companion. Both originated from a research through design project exploring companion technologies for blessing rituals. We established an exchange with Protestant theologians, explored believers’ experiences of blessings, co-speculated on potential technologies, and refined the resulting ideas through ideation, prototyping, and testing. Inspired by believers’ descriptions of blessing experiences as not plannable, predictable, controllable, or enforceable, we adopted the concept of uncontrollability, explored how it might be implemented in companion technologies, and designed the Blessing Companion. The Blessing Companion embodies uncontrollability through its ambiguous appearance and (partly) uncontrollable behaviour. It thus stands in contrast to the prevailing on-demand and user-driven interaction paradigms. We discuss how uncontrollability can be reflected in content, form, and interaction, highlight respective possibilities for companion technologies, and reflect on the Blessing Companion as an example of designing for religious rituals.

  @inproceedings{wolf2023designing, abstract = {This paper presents an inspirational concept for companion technology design, uncontrollability, and a corresponding artefact, the Blessing Companion. Both originated from a research through design project exploring companion technologies for blessing rituals. We established an exchange with Protestant theologians, explored believers’ experiences of blessings, co-speculated on potential technologies, and refined the resulting ideas through ideation, prototyping, and testing. Inspired by believers’ descriptions of blessing experiences as not plannable, predictable, controllable, or enforceable, we adopted the concept of uncontrollability, explored how it might be implemented in companion technologies, and designed the Blessing Companion. The Blessing Companion embodies uncontrollability through its ambiguous appearance and (partly) uncontrollable behaviour. It thus stands in contrast to the prevailing on-demand and user-driven interaction paradigms. We discuss how uncontrollability can be reflected in content, form, and interaction, highlight respective possibilities for companion technologies, and reflect on the Blessing Companion as an example of designing for religious rituals.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Wolf, Sara and Luthe, Simon and Baumeister, Lennart and Moerike, Frauke and Janakiraman, Vyjayanthi and Hurtienne, J\"{o}rn}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, keywords = {hurtienne}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {CHI '23}, title = {Designing for Uncontrollability: Drawing Inspiration from the Blessing Companion}, year = 2023 }
• Berger, Arne, Henrik Mucha, Viktoria Horn, Andreas Bischof, Torben Volkmann, Claude Draude, Alexa Becker, et al. “Partizipative Und Sozialverantwortliche Technikentwicklung”. Bonn, DE: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V, 2023. https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2023-mci-ws02-103.
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  Im Workshop treffen sich Forscher*innen und Praktiker*innen zu Austausch und Diskussion über die Beteiligung von Nutzer*innen an Technikentwicklungsprozessen. Sie gehen dabei der Frage nach, wie Partizipation dem Anspruch auf Demokratisierung und Empowerment in Forschung und Praxis gerecht werden kann. Der Workshop dient auch als jährliches Treffen der Fachgruppe „Partizipation“ im Fachbereich Mensch-Computer-Interaktion (MCI) der Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI).

  @misc{berger2023partizipative, abstract = {Im Workshop treffen sich Forscher*innen und Praktiker*innen zu Austausch und Diskussion über die Beteiligung von Nutzer*innen an Technikentwicklungsprozessen. Sie gehen dabei der Frage nach, wie Partizipation dem Anspruch auf Demokratisierung und Empowerment in Forschung und Praxis gerecht werden kann. Der Workshop dient auch als jährliches Treffen der Fachgruppe „Partizipation“ im Fachbereich Mensch-Computer-Interaktion (MCI) der Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI).}, address = {Bonn, DE}, author = {Berger, Arne and Mucha, Henrik and Horn, Viktoria and Bischof, Andreas and Volkmann, Torben and Draude, Claude and Becker, Alexa and Haupt, Benedikt and Jarke, Juliane and Maas, Franzisca and Wolf, Sara and Dhungel, Anna-Katharina and Buchmüller, Sandra and Marsden, Nicola 0}, howpublished = {Mensch und Computer 2023 - Workshopband}, keywords = {wolf}, publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.}, title = {Partizipative und Sozialverantwortliche Technikentwicklung}, year = 2023 }
• Wolf, Sara, Michael Weber, and J"o}rn Hurtienne. “Virtual Tourism, Real Experience: A Motive-Oriented Approach to Virtual Tourism”. In Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI EA ’23. Hamburg, Germany: Association for Computing Machinery, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1145/3544549.3585594.
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  Virtual tourism products promise to combine the best of two worlds: Staying in the safety of one’s home while having engaging tourism experiences. Previous tourism research has emphasised that tourism experiences involve more than just seeing other places. They address cultural motives such as novelty and education and socio-psychological motives like relaxation, escape from a mundane environment or facilitation of social interaction. We suggest applying the motive-oriented perspective in HCI research on virtual tourism and report on a corresponding analysis of 21 virtual tourism products. Our findings show that current virtual tourism products neglect the breadth of tourist motives. They mainly focus on cultural motives while rarely addressing socio-psychological motives, especially kinship relationships and prestige. Our findings demonstrate the usefulness of the motive-oriented perspective for HCI and inspired conceptual ideas for addressing motives in virtual tourism products that may be useful for future research and design in this area.

  @inproceedings{wolf2023virtual, abstract = {Virtual tourism products promise to combine the best of two worlds: Staying in the safety of one’s home while having engaging tourism experiences. Previous tourism research has emphasised that tourism experiences involve more than just seeing other places. They address cultural motives such as novelty and education and socio-psychological motives like relaxation, escape from a mundane environment or facilitation of social interaction. We suggest applying the motive-oriented perspective in HCI research on virtual tourism and report on a corresponding analysis of 21 virtual tourism products. Our findings show that current virtual tourism products neglect the breadth of tourist motives. They mainly focus on cultural motives while rarely addressing socio-psychological motives, especially kinship relationships and prestige. Our findings demonstrate the usefulness of the motive-oriented perspective for HCI and inspired conceptual ideas for addressing motives in virtual tourism products that may be useful for future research and design in this area.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Wolf, Sara and Weber, Michael and Hurtienne, J\"{o}rn}, booktitle = {Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, keywords = {hurtienne}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {CHI EA '23}, title = {Virtual Tourism, Real Experience: A Motive-Oriented Approach to Virtual Tourism}, year = 2023 }
• Wolf, Sara, Benedikt Steinm"u}ller, Frauke M"o}rike, Simon Luthe, and J"o}rn Hurtienne. “The God-I-Box: Iteratively Provotyping Technology-Mediated Worship Services”. In Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference, 1710–1723. DIS ’23. Pittsburgh, PA, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1145/3563657.3596029.
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  The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the development of alternative formats for religious rituals, such as Protestant online worship services. However, current design approaches focus on problem-solving, and the resulting online solutions merely imitate the offline status quo. To overcome these limitations, we suggest adopting a provotype approach that allows for a more holistic, open-ended dialogue with those affected. We iteratively developed a first provotype in response to tensions found in observation-based field research, aiming to test whether and how it can trigger productive impulses for exploring future technology-mediated worship services based on existing experiences and perspectives. The resulting God-I-Box exaggerates individuality and allows congregants to act almost like liturgists. An analysis of congregants’ and pastors’ (online) first encounters with the God-I-Box revealed three reaction modes: spontaneous emotions, reflective coping, and exploratory imagination. We conclude with reflections and recommendations for provocative research and design in this context and beyond.

  @inproceedings{wolf2023godibox, abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the development of alternative formats for religious rituals, such as Protestant online worship services. However, current design approaches focus on problem-solving, and the resulting online solutions merely imitate the offline status quo. To overcome these limitations, we suggest adopting a provotype approach that allows for a more holistic, open-ended dialogue with those affected. We iteratively developed a first provotype in response to tensions found in observation-based field research, aiming to test whether and how it can trigger productive impulses for exploring future technology-mediated worship services based on existing experiences and perspectives. The resulting God-I-Box exaggerates individuality and allows congregants to act almost like liturgists. An analysis of congregants’ and pastors’ (online) first encounters with the God-I-Box revealed three reaction modes: spontaneous emotions, reflective coping, and exploratory imagination. We conclude with reflections and recommendations for provocative research and design in this context and beyond.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Wolf, Sara and Steinm\"{u}ller, Benedikt and M\"{o}rike, Frauke and Luthe, Simon and Hurtienne, J\"{o}rn}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference}, keywords = {hurtienne}, pages = {1710–1723}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {DIS '23}, title = {The God-I-Box: Iteratively Provotyping Technology-Mediated Worship Services}, year = 2023 }
• Maas, Franzisca, Sara Wolf, Michael Weber, Marie Luisa Fiedler, Nils Zottmann, Marlene Lester, Jonathan Hohm, et al. “‘hubbel’: A Hybrid Letterbox That Stimulates Civic Participation Through Local Information Sharing in Neighbourhoods”. In Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference, 1826–1841. DIS ’23. ACM, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1145/3563657.3596116.
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  Local civic participation is essential to democracy. Yet, citizens need to be informed about local matters to get involved. Becoming and staying informed about developments in one’s neighbourhood is difficult as local knowledge is scattered among online and offline sources, hard to find and understand. Using participatory Contextual Design we curated a novel form of participation with the interactive artifact "hubbel", which combines the digital and the analogue through a hybrid letterbox to crowd-source local knowledge. During our two-month in-the-wild evaluation, the hubbel was heavily used (260 postcards, 2067 visits). It stimulated democratic discourse and (offline) political participation by rendering tacit local issues visible. We propose ways to improve the hubbel’s design so that citizens can more easily share their expertise with others and to avoid harmful consequences like pseudo-participation. Finally, the hubbel demonstrates why analogue components are indispensable for civic participation tools. Supplements and open-source code: OSF-Link [https://osf.io/jcgue/].

  @inproceedings{Maas_2023, abstract = {Local civic participation is essential to democracy. Yet, citizens need to be informed about local matters to get involved. Becoming and staying informed about developments in one’s neighbourhood is difficult as local knowledge is scattered among online and offline sources, hard to find and understand. Using participatory Contextual Design we curated a novel form of participation with the interactive artifact "hubbel", which combines the digital and the analogue through a hybrid letterbox to crowd-source local knowledge. During our two-month in-the-wild evaluation, the hubbel was heavily used (260 postcards, 2067 visits). It stimulated democratic discourse and (offline) political participation by rendering tacit local issues visible. We propose ways to improve the hubbel’s design so that citizens can more easily share their expertise with others and to avoid harmful consequences like pseudo-participation. Finally, the hubbel demonstrates why analogue components are indispensable for civic participation tools. Supplements and open-source code: OSF-Link [https://osf.io/jcgue/].}, author = {Maas, Franzisca and Wolf, Sara and Weber, Michael and Fiedler, Marie Luisa and Zottmann, Nils and Lester, Marlene and Hohm, Jonathan and Sessler, Luise and Schmitt, Katja Patricia and Balser, Andreas and Heinisch, Melina Joline and Hofmann, Tabea Carolina and Maier, Simon and Ölschläger, Amanda and Popp, Alisa and Hurtienne, Jörn}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference}, keywords = {hurtienne}, month = {07}, pages = {1826–1841}, publisher = {ACM}, series = {DIS ’23}, title = {“hubbel”: A Hybrid Letterbox That Stimulates Civic Participation Through Local Information Sharing in Neighbourhoods}, year = 2023 }

• Wolf, Sara, Frauke Mörike, Diana Löffler, and Jörn Hurtienne. “‘I Did Digital Tidying up for a More Adult Stage of Life’: Ritualistic Technology Appropriations During Life Transitions”. Interacting With Computers 34, no. 5 (January 2022): 117-28. https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwad001.
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  Life transitions, such as the transition from childhood to adulthood, are often accompanied by meaning-making actions such as rituals. Rituals increasingly involve the use of interactive technology. While previous research has focused on specific contexts or technologies, a bird’s eye view of the many appropriation styles during life transitions is missing. To identify the range of technology’s appropriations, we analysed stories from 84 participants and compared these across different life transitions and technologies. We identified three roles interactive technology can play during life transitions: the role of (i) a facilitator easing the accomplishment of tasks within life transitions, (ii) an enabler creating opportunities for new transition rituals and (iii) a social actor that itself is the trigger or the content of transition rituals. We propose the three roles as a classification scheme to structure existing and future research and reflect on the design challenges and evaluation approaches.

  @article{wolf2022digital, abstract = {Life transitions, such as the transition from childhood to adulthood, are often accompanied by meaning-making actions such as rituals. Rituals increasingly involve the use of interactive technology. While previous research has focused on specific contexts or technologies, a bird’s eye view of the many appropriation styles during life transitions is missing. To identify the range of technology’s appropriations, we analysed stories from 84 participants and compared these across different life transitions and technologies. We identified three roles interactive technology can play during life transitions: the role of (i) a facilitator easing the accomplishment of tasks within life transitions, (ii) an enabler creating opportunities for new transition rituals and (iii) a social actor that itself is the trigger or the content of transition rituals. We propose the three roles as a classification scheme to structure existing and future research and reflect on the design challenges and evaluation approaches.}, author = {Wolf, Sara and Mörike, Frauke and Löffler, Diana and Hurtienne, Jörn}, journal = {Interacting with Computers}, keywords = {hurtienne}, month = {01}, number = 5, pages = {117-128}, title = {‘I Did Digital Tidying up for a More Adult Stage of Life’: Ritualistic Technology Appropriations During Life Transitions}, volume = 34, year = 2022 }
• Wolf, Sara, and Simon Luthe. “Unavailability and Holism: Rethinking HCI With Concepts from Theology”. New Orleans, LA, USA: CHI’22 Workshop, 2022. https://publications.wolf-research.com/2022-chi-frs-workshop.pdf.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Current trends in technology suggest that making everything available (e.g., services, products, other people) is a valuable end in itself and that the whole person can be understood and addressed if only enough data is collected and processed about them. Our work in projects with HCI researchers and Protestant theologians made us question such assumptions. In this position paper, we share two themes that emerged from our interdisciplinary work on technologically-mediated religious communication, namely unavailability and holism. We argue that unavailability is an essential condition of being human and that being human consists of more than just a static sum of its parts. We present related examples from our work and detail the Protestant theological perspective on unavailability and holism. In doing so, we hope to bring new impetus to HCI and to stimulate reflection.

  @misc{wolf2022unavailability, abstract = {Current trends in technology suggest that making everything available (e.g., services, products, other people) is a valuable end in itself and that the whole person can be understood and addressed if only enough data is collected and processed about them. Our work in projects with HCI researchers and Protestant theologians made us question such assumptions. In this position paper, we share two themes that emerged from our interdisciplinary work on technologically-mediated religious communication, namely unavailability and holism. We argue that unavailability is an essential condition of being human and that being human consists of more than just a static sum of its parts. We present related examples from our work and detail the Protestant theological perspective on unavailability and holism. In doing so, we hope to bring new impetus to HCI and to stimulate reflection.}, address = {New Orleans, LA, USA}, author = {Wolf, Sara and Luthe, Simon}, howpublished = {CHI'22 Workshop: Integrating faith, religion and spirituality in HCI}, keywords = {wolf}, publisher = {CHI'22 Workshop}, title = {Unavailability and Holism: Rethinking HCI with Concepts from Theology}, year = 2022 }
• Markum, Robert B., Sara Wolf, and Simon Luthe. “Co-Imagining Participatory Design in Religious and Spiritual Contexts”. In Adjunct Proceedings of the 2022 Nordic Human-Computer Interaction Conference. NordiCHI ’22 Adjunct. Aarhus, Denmark: Association for Computing Machinery, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1145/3547522.3547706.
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  People with religious and/or spiritual interests have long been digitally connected and have engaged in joint prayer, worship, or meditation. However, the COVID pandemic has accelerated this trend as more religious and/or spiritual activities were technologically mediated. Many of these formats had to be implemented quickly, often with little participation from stakeholders. In this workshop, we aim to bring together scholars and practitioners from different backgrounds, such as religious studies, theology, HCI, and participatory design, to start a conversation about what collaborative technological design and research with religious and/or spiritual communities could look like in the future and what needs to be done to get to such futures. The outcomes of this workshop will be the formation of a transdisciplinary research and design community, the establishment of guiding principles and best practices that can inform research and design methodologies, and the dissemination of this knowledge in collaborative post-workshop publications.

  @inproceedings{markum2022coimagining, abstract = {People with religious and/or spiritual interests have long been digitally connected and have engaged in joint prayer, worship, or meditation. However, the COVID pandemic has accelerated this trend as more religious and/or spiritual activities were technologically mediated. Many of these formats had to be implemented quickly, often with little participation from stakeholders. In this workshop, we aim to bring together scholars and practitioners from different backgrounds, such as religious studies, theology, HCI, and participatory design, to start a conversation about what collaborative technological design and research with religious and/or spiritual communities could look like in the future and what needs to be done to get to such futures. The outcomes of this workshop will be the formation of a transdisciplinary research and design community, the establishment of guiding principles and best practices that can inform research and design methodologies, and the dissemination of this knowledge in collaborative post-workshop publications.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Markum, Robert B. and Wolf, Sara and Luthe, Simon}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings of the 2022 Nordic Human-Computer Interaction Conference}, keywords = {wolf}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {NordiCHI '22 Adjunct}, title = {Co-Imagining Participatory Design in Religious and Spiritual Contexts}, year = 2022 }
• Wolf, Sara, Simon Luthe, Ilona Nord, and Jörn Hurtienne. “Unavailability: Food for Thought from Protestant Theology”. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2022. http://publications.wolfscloud.myds.me/2022-interactions-unavailability.pdf.
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  @misc{wolf2022unavailability, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Wolf, Sara and Luthe, Simon and Nord, Ilona and Hurtienne, Jörn}, keywords = {hurtienne}, note = {https://interactions.acm.org/blog/view/unavailability-food-for-thought-from-protestant-theology}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, title = {Unavailability: Food for Thought from Protestant Theology}, type = {Online Database}, year = 2022 }
• Mucha, Henrik, Ana Correia de Barros, Jesse Josua Benjamin, Christoph Benzmüller, Andreas Bischof, Sandra Buchmüller, Alexandra de Carvalho, et al. “Collaborative Speculations on Future Themes for Participatory Design in Germany”. I-com 21, no. 2 (2022): 283-98. https://doi.org/doi:10.1515/icom-2021-0030.
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  Participatory Design means recognizing that those who will be affected by a future technology should have an active say in its creation. Yet, despite continuous interest in involving people as future users and consumers into designing novel and innovative future technology, participatory approaches in technology design remain relatively underdeveloped in the German HCI community. This article brings together the diversity of voices, domains, perspectives, approaches, and methods that collectively shape Participatory Design in Germany. In the following, we (1) outline our understanding of participatory practice and how it is different from mere user involvement; (2) reflect current issues of participatory and fair technology design within the German Participatory Design community; and (3) discuss tensions relevant to the field, that we expect to arise in the future, and which we derived from our 2021 workshop through a speculative method. We contribute an introduction and an overview of current themes and a speculative outlook on future issues of Participatory Design in Germany. It is meant to inform, provoke, inspire and, ultimately, invite participation within the wider Computer Science community.

  @article{mucha2022collaborative, abstract = {Participatory Design means recognizing that those who will be affected by a future technology should have an active say in its creation. Yet, despite continuous interest in involving people as future users and consumers into designing novel and innovative future technology, participatory approaches in technology design remain relatively underdeveloped in the German HCI community. This article brings together the diversity of voices, domains, perspectives, approaches, and methods that collectively shape Participatory Design in Germany. In the following, we (1) outline our understanding of participatory practice and how it is different from mere user involvement; (2) reflect current issues of participatory and fair technology design within the German Participatory Design community; and (3) discuss tensions relevant to the field, that we expect to arise in the future, and which we derived from our 2021 workshop through a speculative method. We contribute an introduction and an overview of current themes and a speculative outlook on future issues of Participatory Design in Germany. It is meant to inform, provoke, inspire and, ultimately, invite participation within the wider Computer Science community.}, author = {Mucha, Henrik and de Barros, Ana Correia and Benjamin, Jesse Josua and Benzmüller, Christoph and Bischof, Andreas and Buchmüller, Sandra and de Carvalho, Alexandra and Dhungel, Anna-Katharina and Draude, Claude and Fleck, Marc-Julian and Jarke, Juliane and Klein, Stefanie and Kortekaas, Caroline and Kurze, Albrecht and Linke, Diane and Maas, Franzisca and Marsden, Nicola and Melo, Ricardo and Michel, Susanne and Müller-Birn, Claudia and Pröbster, Monika and Rießenberger, Katja Antonia and Schäfer, Mirko Tobias and Sörries, Peter and Stilke, Julia and Volkmann, Torben and Weibert, Anne and Weinhold, Wilhelm and Wolf, Sara and Zorn, Isabel and Heidt, Michael and Berger, Arne}, journal = {i-com}, keywords = {wolf}, number = 2, pages = {283–298}, title = {Collaborative Speculations on Future Themes for Participatory Design in Germany}, volume = 21, year = 2022 }
• Wolf, Sara, Franzisca Maas, Pauline K"u}nzl, Anna Hohm, and J"o}rn Hurtienne. “UNeedS: Development of Scales to Measure the Satisfaction and Frustration of 13 Fundamental Needs”. In Proceedings of Mensch Und Computer 2022, 539–544. MuC ’22. Darmstadt, Germany: Association for Computing Machinery, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1145/3543758.3547572.
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  Good user experience can be described as the result of satisfying fundamental human needs through interaction with technology. Therefore, HCI researchers and practitioners strive to promote need satisfaction and avoid need frustration through their technology and interaction designs. However, HCI lacks appropriate measurement instruments to examine and evaluate experiences with technology in terms of their satisfaction (or frustration) of needs. Instead, researchers and practitioners frequently use measurement instruments developed in (consumer) psychology that are not tailored to the needs of HCI. Here we report on the development of the User Needs Scales (UNeedS), a set of scales designed to measure the satisfaction and frustration of 13 fundamental needs identified for HCI, and report on our first experiences applying it. Preliminary data indicate good item qualities and internal consistencies, but further research must substantiate these claims. All scales and the full UNeedS are available in the supplemental materials.

  @inproceedings{wolf2022uneeds, abstract = {Good user experience can be described as the result of satisfying fundamental human needs through interaction with technology. Therefore, HCI researchers and practitioners strive to promote need satisfaction and avoid need frustration through their technology and interaction designs. However, HCI lacks appropriate measurement instruments to examine and evaluate experiences with technology in terms of their satisfaction (or frustration) of needs. Instead, researchers and practitioners frequently use measurement instruments developed in (consumer) psychology that are not tailored to the needs of HCI. Here we report on the development of the User Needs Scales (UNeedS), a set of scales designed to measure the satisfaction and frustration of 13 fundamental needs identified for HCI, and report on our first experiences applying it. Preliminary data indicate good item qualities and internal consistencies, but further research must substantiate these claims. All scales and the full UNeedS are available in the supplemental materials.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Wolf, Sara and Maas, Franzisca and K\"{u}nzl, Pauline and Hohm, Anna and Hurtienne, J\"{o}rn}, booktitle = {Proceedings of Mensch Und Computer 2022}, keywords = {hurtienne}, pages = {539–544}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {MuC '22}, title = {UNeedS: Development of Scales to Measure the Satisfaction and Frustration of 13 Fundamental Needs}, year = 2022 }
• Wolf, Sara, Frauke Moerike, Simon Luthe, Ilona Nord, and J"o}rn Hurtienne. “Spirituality at the Breakfast Table: Experiences of Christian Online Worship Services”. In Extended Abstracts of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI EA ’22. New Orleans, LA, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1145/3491101.3519856.
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  Since the COVID-19 pandemics, we have witnessed an increase in online worship services. Nevertheless, HCI has little insight into how technological mediation influences religious experiences and how technology should be designed for use in religious contexts. Therefore, we see a unique opportunity to understand better real-world experiences of technology use in religious rituals and, more specifically, in online worship services. Inspired by contextual design, We virtually observed and interviewed eight persons during and after participation in online worship services. We identified a field of tension between faith, everyday life, individuality, and community. The data suggests that current online worship service systems do not account for believers’ needs for community, faith, or extraordinariness. We discuss opportunities for future research and design, and aim to contribute to the understanding of online worship service experiences and the design of technology-mediated religious experiences.

  @inproceedings{wolf2022spirituality, abstract = {Since the COVID-19 pandemics, we have witnessed an increase in online worship services. Nevertheless, HCI has little insight into how technological mediation influences religious experiences and how technology should be designed for use in religious contexts. Therefore, we see a unique opportunity to understand better real-world experiences of technology use in religious rituals and, more specifically, in online worship services. Inspired by contextual design, We virtually observed and interviewed eight persons during and after participation in online worship services. We identified a field of tension between faith, everyday life, individuality, and community. The data suggests that current online worship service systems do not account for believers’ needs for community, faith, or extraordinariness. We discuss opportunities for future research and design, and aim to contribute to the understanding of online worship service experiences and the design of technology-mediated religious experiences.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Wolf, Sara and Moerike, Frauke and Luthe, Simon and Nord, Ilona and Hurtienne, J\"{o}rn}, booktitle = {Extended Abstracts of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, keywords = {hurtienne}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {CHI EA '22}, title = {Spirituality at the Breakfast Table: Experiences of Christian Online Worship Services}, year = 2022 }

• Wolf, Sara, and Simon Luthe. “Segen: Erfahren, Erleben, Erproben - VR-Erlebnis Im außerschulischen Lehr-Lern-Szenario für Den Religionsunterricht”. In Wettbewerbsband AVRiL 2021, 27-33. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V, 2021. https://doi.org/10.18420/avril2021_04.
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  Der Beitrag stellt ein VR-basiertes außerschulisches Lehr-Lern-Szenario zum Thema Segen vor. Es wurde in einem interdisziplinären Forschungsprojekt zwischen Religionspädagogik und Mensch-Computer-Interaktion entwickelt. Im Fokus stand dabei insbesondere die Frage, wie prozessbezogene Kompetenzen in religiös bedeutsamen Zusammenhängen gefördert werden können. Für religiöse Bildungsprozesse ist das Ineinanderspielen von Emotion, Kognition und Leiblichkeit konstitutiv. Den Einstellungen und Glaubensvorstellungen des Subjekts kommt hierbei besondere Bedeutung zu. Zur Unterstützung dieser Qualitäten des religiösen Lernens, haben wir uns für den Einsatz von VR entschieden, welche tiefgreifende, emotionale Erfahrungen hervorrufen kann und prozessbezogene Kompetenzen damit unterstützt. Das Konzept kombiniert religionsdidaktische Überlegungen und die Ergebnisse eines benutzerzentrierten Prozesses und wurde iterativ fortentwickelt. Bisherige Erkenntnisse wurden berücksichtigt: Die Wichtigkeit von Erlebnissen und Interaktivität, das Ansprechen verschiedener Sinne, das “ohne-Erklärung-Auskommen” von interaktiven Elementen sowie Robustheit und Ästhetik. Eine Evaluation des Konzepts mit Lehrer:innen, Schüler:innen, und Ausstellungsexpert:innen ist geplant.

  @incollection{wolf2021segen, abstract = {Der Beitrag stellt ein VR-basiertes außerschulisches Lehr-Lern-Szenario zum Thema Segen vor. Es wurde in einem interdisziplinären Forschungsprojekt zwischen Religionspädagogik und Mensch-Computer-Interaktion entwickelt. Im Fokus stand dabei insbesondere die Frage, wie prozessbezogene Kompetenzen in religiös bedeutsamen Zusammenhängen gefördert werden können. Für religiöse Bildungsprozesse ist das Ineinanderspielen von Emotion, Kognition und Leiblichkeit konstitutiv. Den Einstellungen und Glaubensvorstellungen des Subjekts kommt hierbei besondere Bedeutung zu. Zur Unterstützung dieser Qualitäten des religiösen Lernens, haben wir uns für den Einsatz von VR entschieden, welche tiefgreifende, emotionale Erfahrungen hervorrufen kann und prozessbezogene Kompetenzen damit unterstützt. Das Konzept kombiniert religionsdidaktische Überlegungen und die Ergebnisse eines benutzerzentrierten Prozesses und wurde iterativ fortentwickelt. Bisherige Erkenntnisse wurden berücksichtigt: Die Wichtigkeit von Erlebnissen und Interaktivität, das Ansprechen verschiedener Sinne, das “ohne-Erklärung-Auskommen” von interaktiven Elementen sowie Robustheit und Ästhetik. Eine Evaluation des Konzepts mit Lehrer:innen, Schüler:innen, und Ausstellungsexpert:innen ist geplant.}, address = {Bonn}, author = {Wolf, Sara and Luthe, Simon}, booktitle = {Wettbewerbsband AVRiL 2021}, keywords = {wolf}, pages = {27–33}, publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.}, title = {Segen: erfahren, erleben, erproben - VR-Erlebnis im außerschulischen Lehr-Lern-Szenario für den Religionsunterricht}, year = 2021 }
• Maas, Franzisca, and Sara Wolf. “Und Dann Kam Corona: Ein Technikentwicklungsprojekt Zwischen Partizipation Und Wirklichkeit”. Bonn, DE: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V, 2021. https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2021-mci-ws06-334.
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  Kontakt zu anderen Menschen wurde durch die Coronapandemie massiv eingeschränkt bis unmöglich. In unserem Projekt gestalten wir gemeinsam mit Bürger:innen Tools zur Bürgerbeteiligung und standen nun vor der Frage wie wir unsere Arbeit dennoch fortsetzen konnten. In diesem Beitrag beschreiben wir anhand eines Fallbeispiels wie wir unser Projekt angepasst haben, um weiterhin partizipativ mit Bürger:innen designen zu können und auf welche Herausforderungen wir dabei gestoßen sind.

  @misc{maas2021corona, abstract = {Kontakt zu anderen Menschen wurde durch die Coronapandemie massiv eingeschränkt bis unmöglich. In unserem Projekt gestalten wir gemeinsam mit Bürger:innen Tools zur Bürgerbeteiligung und standen nun vor der Frage wie wir unsere Arbeit dennoch fortsetzen konnten. In diesem Beitrag beschreiben wir anhand eines Fallbeispiels wie wir unser Projekt angepasst haben, um weiterhin partizipativ mit Bürger:innen designen zu können und auf welche Herausforderungen wir dabei gestoßen sind.}, address = {Bonn, DE}, author = {Maas, Franzisca and Wolf, Sara}, howpublished = {Mensch und Computer 2021 - Workshopband}, keywords = {wolf}, publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.}, title = {Und dann kam Corona: Ein Technikentwicklungsprojekt zwischen Partizipation und Wirklichkeit}, year = 2021 }
• Mucha, Henrik, Franzisca Maas, Claude Draude, Julia Stilke, Juliane Jarke, Andreas Bischof, Nicola Marsden, et al. “Partizipative & Sozialverantwortliche Technikentwicklung”. Bonn, DE: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V, 2021. https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2021-mci-ws06-114.
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  Im Workshop treffen sich Forscher*innen und Praktiker*innen zu Austausch und Diskussion über die Beteiligung von Nutzer*innen an Technikentwicklungsprozessen. Sie gehen dabei der Frage nach, wie Partizipation dem Anspruch auf Demokratisierung und Empowerment in Forschung und Praxis gerecht werden kann. Der Workshop dient auch als ja hrliches Treffen der Fachgruppe „Partizipation“ im Fachbereich Mensch-Computer-Interaktion (MCI) der Gesellschaft fu r Informatik (GI).

  @misc{mucha2021partizipative, abstract = {Im Workshop treffen sich Forscher*innen und Praktiker*innen zu Austausch und Diskussion über die Beteiligung von Nutzer*innen an Technikentwicklungsprozessen. Sie gehen dabei der Frage nach, wie Partizipation dem Anspruch auf Demokratisierung und Empowerment in Forschung und Praxis gerecht werden kann. Der Workshop dient auch als ja hrliches Treffen der Fachgruppe „Partizipation“ im Fachbereich Mensch-Computer-Interaktion (MCI) der Gesellschaft fu r Informatik (GI).}, address = {Bonn, DE}, author = {Mucha, Henrik and Maas, Franzisca and Draude, Claude and Stilke, Julia and Jarke, Juliane and Bischof, Andreas and Marsden, Nicola and Berger, Arne and Wolf, Sara and Buchmüller, Sandra and Maaß, Susanne}, howpublished = {Mensch und Computer 2021 - Workshopband}, keywords = {wolf}, publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.}, title = {Partizipative & Sozialverantwortliche Technikentwicklung}, year = 2021 }
• Maas, Franzisca, Sara Wolf, Anna Hohm, and Jörn Hurtienne. “Citizen Needs – To Be Considered: Requirements for Local Civic Participation Tools”. I-com 20, no. 2 (August 2021): 141–159. https://doi.org/10.1515/icom-2021-0013.
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  In this paper, we argue for and present an empirical study of putting citizens into focus during the early stages of designing tools for civic participation in a midsized German town. Drawing on Contextual and Participatory Design, we involved 105 participants by conducting interviews, using Photovoice and participating in a local neighbourhood meeting. Together with citizens, we built an Affinity Diagram, consolidated the data and identified key insights. As a result, we present and discuss different participation identities such as Motivated Activists, Convenience Participants or Companions and a collection of citizen needs for local civic participation, e. g., personal contact is irreplaceable for motivation, trust and mutual understanding, and some citizens preferred to “stumble across” information rather than actively searching for it. We use existing participation tools to demonstrate how individual needs could be addressed. Finally, we apply our insights to an example in our local context. We conclude that if we want to build digital tools that go beyond tokenistic, top-down ways of civic participation and that treat citizens as one homogeneous group, citizens need to be part of the design process right from the start. Supplemental material can be retrieved from https://osf.io/rxd7h/.

  @article{maas2021citizen, abstract = {In this paper, we argue for and present an empirical study of putting citizens into focus during the early stages of designing tools for civic participation in a midsized German town. Drawing on Contextual and Participatory Design, we involved 105 participants by conducting interviews, using Photovoice and participating in a local neighbourhood meeting. Together with citizens, we built an Affinity Diagram, consolidated the data and identified key insights. As a result, we present and discuss different participation identities such as Motivated Activists, Convenience Participants or Companions and a collection of citizen needs for local civic participation, e. g., personal contact is irreplaceable for motivation, trust and mutual understanding, and some citizens preferred to “stumble across” information rather than actively searching for it. We use existing participation tools to demonstrate how individual needs could be addressed. Finally, we apply our insights to an example in our local context. We conclude that if we want to build digital tools that go beyond tokenistic, top-down ways of civic participation and that treat citizens as one homogeneous group, citizens need to be part of the design process right from the start. Supplemental material can be retrieved from https://osf.io/rxd7h/.}, author = {Maas, Franzisca and Wolf, Sara and Hohm, Anna and Hurtienne, Jörn}, journal = {i-com}, keywords = {hurtienne}, month = {08}, number = 2, pages = {141–159}, publisher = {Walter de Gruyter GmbH}, title = {Citizen Needs – To Be Considered: Requirements for Local Civic Participation Tools}, volume = 20, year = 2021 }

• Maas, Franzisca, and Sara Klüber. “Don’t Be Afraid of Dystopias: Talking about Values in PD Processes”. In Proceedings of the 16th Participatory Design Conference 2020 - Participation(s) Otherwise - Volume 2, 181–184. Manizales Colombia: ACM, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1145/3384772.3385163.
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  @inproceedings{klber2020afraid, address = {Manizales Colombia}, author = {Maas, Franzisca and Klüber, Sara}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th Participatory Design Conference 2020 - Participation(s) Otherwise - Volume 2}, keywords = {wolf}, month = {06}, pages = {181–184}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Don’t be Afraid of Dystopias: Talking about Values in PD Processes}, year = 2020 }
• Reinhardt, Daniel, Cordula Baur, Sara Kl"u}ber, and J"o}rn Hurtienne. “MindPeaks: Formative Evaluation Method of Mindfulness Meditation Apps”. In Companion Publication of the 2020 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference, 37–42. DIS’ 20 Companion. Eindhoven, Netherlands: Association for Computing Machinery, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1145/3393914.3395855.
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  Today's busy lifestyle can make us feel overwhelmed. Mindfulness meditation supports our well-being by slowing things down and drawing our attention to the present moment. Accordingly, a wealth of guided mindfulness meditation apps have emerged in the past years. Despite the many apps and an increasing interest within the HCI literature, there is little consensus of how to evaluate these apps and how to derive opportunities for re-design from the results. Our new MindPeaks method utilizes electroencephalography (EEG) to link design elements to meditative states and the user`s self-regulation of attention. This information can help designers to understand and optimize the efficacy of, for example, applications supporting mindfulness meditation.

  @inproceedings{reinhardt2020mindpeaks, abstract = {Today's busy lifestyle can make us feel overwhelmed. Mindfulness meditation supports our well-being by slowing things down and drawing our attention to the present moment. Accordingly, a wealth of guided mindfulness meditation apps have emerged in the past years. Despite the many apps and an increasing interest within the HCI literature, there is little consensus of how to evaluate these apps and how to derive opportunities for re-design from the results. Our new MindPeaks method utilizes electroencephalography (EEG) to link design elements to meditative states and the user`s self-regulation of attention. This information can help designers to understand and optimize the efficacy of, for example, applications supporting mindfulness meditation.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Reinhardt, Daniel and Baur, Cordula and Kl\"{u}ber, Sara and Hurtienne, J\"{o}rn}, booktitle = {Companion Publication of the 2020 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference}, keywords = {hurtienne}, pages = {37–42}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {DIS' 20 Companion}, title = {MindPeaks: Formative Evaluation Method of Mindfulness Meditation Apps}, year = 2020 }
• Maas, Franzisca, and Sara Klüber. “‘Lasst Uns Gesichtserkennung Auf Dem Marktplatz einsetzen’: Warum Dystopien PD Projekte Voranbringen”. Bonn, DE: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V, 2020. https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2020-ws109-329.
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  Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Frage welche Konsequenzen Participatory Design bei der Gestaltung von intelligenten, komplexen Systemen hat und zeigt beispielhaft wie PD durch das Zulassen von dystopischen Visionen während der Ideenfindung zu sozialverträglicher Technikentwicklung beitragen kann. Wir berichten dafür ein Fallbeispiel aus dem ForDemocracy Projekt, bei welchem wir gemeinsam mit Bürger:innen Designideen zur digitalen Bürgerbeteiligung entwickelten. In einer Ideationphase entwickelten Bürger:innen zunächst auch dystopische Ideen, die beispielsweise Gesichtserkennung im öffentlichen Raum vorsahen. Doch, anders als vielleicht erwartet, wurden diese Ideen nicht zum Problem, sondern zur Chance, denn sie provozierten Gegenreaktionen und Diskussionen. Dabei wurde deutlich, dass die Teilnehmer:innen über Meinungen, Werte und Vorwissen verfügten, die sie befähigten die entstandenen Ideen kritisch zu hinterfragen, zu diskutieren und schließlich in der Gruppe zu verbessern. Wir sind der Ansicht, dass PD prädestiniert ist, um auch komplexere technische Systeme zu entwickeln und möchten andere ermutigen dystopische Ideen zuzulassen und die daraus resultierenden Diskussionen zu nutzen.

  @misc{maas2020lasst, abstract = {Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Frage welche Konsequenzen Participatory Design bei der Gestaltung von intelligenten, komplexen Systemen hat und zeigt beispielhaft wie PD durch das Zulassen von dystopischen Visionen während der Ideenfindung zu sozialverträglicher Technikentwicklung beitragen kann. Wir berichten dafür ein Fallbeispiel aus dem ForDemocracy Projekt, bei welchem wir gemeinsam mit Bürger:innen Designideen zur digitalen Bürgerbeteiligung entwickelten. In einer Ideationphase entwickelten Bürger:innen zunächst auch dystopische Ideen, die beispielsweise Gesichtserkennung im öffentlichen Raum vorsahen. Doch, anders als vielleicht erwartet, wurden diese Ideen nicht zum Problem, sondern zur Chance, denn sie provozierten Gegenreaktionen und Diskussionen. Dabei wurde deutlich, dass die Teilnehmer:innen über Meinungen, Werte und Vorwissen verfügten, die sie befähigten die entstandenen Ideen kritisch zu hinterfragen, zu diskutieren und schließlich in der Gruppe zu verbessern. Wir sind der Ansicht, dass PD prädestiniert ist, um auch komplexere technische Systeme zu entwickeln und möchten andere ermutigen dystopische Ideen zuzulassen und die daraus resultierenden Diskussionen zu nutzen.}, address = {Bonn, DE}, author = {Maas, Franzisca and Klüber, Sara}, howpublished = {Mensch und Computer 2020 - Workshopband}, keywords = {wolf}, publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.}, title = {“Lasst uns Gesichtserkennung auf dem Marktplatz einsetzen”: Warum Dystopien PD Projekte voranbringen}, year = 2020 }
• Zimmerer, Chris, Erik Wolf, Sara Wolf, Martin Fischbach, Jean-Luc Lugrin, and Marc Erich Latoschik. “Finally on Par?! Multimodal and Unimodal Interaction for Open Creative Design Tasks in Virtual Reality”. In 2020 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, 222–231. Virtual Event, Netherlands, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1145/3382507.3418850.
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  Multimodal Interfaces (MMIs) have been considered to provide promising interaction paradigms for Virtual Reality (VR) for some time. However, they are still far less common than unimodal interfaces (UMIs). This paper presents a summative user study comparing an MMI to a typical UMI for a design task in VR. We developed an application targeting creative 3D object manipulations, i.e., creating 3D objects and modifying typical object properties such as color or size. The associated open user task is based on the Torrence Tests of Creative Thinking. We compared a synergistic multimodal interface using speech-accompanied pointing/grabbing gestures with a more typical unimodal interface using a hierarchical radial menu to trigger actions on selected objects. Independent judges rated the creativity of the resulting products using the Consensual Assessment Technique. Additionally, we measured the creativity-promoting factors flow, usability, and presence. Our results show that the MMI performs on par with the UMI in all measurements despite its limited flexibility and reliability. These promising results demonstrate the technological maturity of MMIs and their potential to extend traditional interaction techniques in VR efficiently.

  @inproceedings{zimmerer2020finally, abstract = {Multimodal Interfaces (MMIs) have been considered to provide promising interaction paradigms for Virtual Reality (VR) for some time. However, they are still far less common than unimodal interfaces (UMIs). This paper presents a summative user study comparing an MMI to a typical UMI for a design task in VR. We developed an application targeting creative 3D object manipulations, i.e., creating 3D objects and modifying typical object properties such as color or size. The associated open user task is based on the Torrence Tests of Creative Thinking. We compared a synergistic multimodal interface using speech-accompanied pointing/grabbing gestures with a more typical unimodal interface using a hierarchical radial menu to trigger actions on selected objects. Independent judges rated the creativity of the resulting products using the Consensual Assessment Technique. Additionally, we measured the creativity-promoting factors flow, usability, and presence. Our results show that the MMI performs on par with the UMI in all measurements despite its limited flexibility and reliability. These promising results demonstrate the technological maturity of MMIs and their potential to extend traditional interaction techniques in VR efficiently.}, author = {Zimmerer, Chris and Wolf, Erik and Wolf, Sara and Fischbach, Martin and Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2020 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction}, keywords = {wolf}, note = {Best Paper Nominee 🏆}, pages = {222–231}, title = {Finally on Par?! Multimodal and Unimodal Interaction for Open Creative Design Tasks in Virtual Reality}, year = 2020 }
• Kl"u}ber, Sara, Franzisca Maas, David Schraudt, Gina Hermann, Oliver Happel, and Tobias Grundgeiger. “Experience Matters: Design and Evaluation of an Anesthesia Support Tool Guided by User Experience Theory”. In Proceedings of the 2020 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference, 1523–1535. DIS ’20. Eindhoven, Netherlands: Association for Computing Machinery, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1145/3357236.3395552.
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  Despite many advances, clinical decision support tools (DSTs) often suffer from implementation and acceptance problems in the actual clinical context. We suggest that considering psychological needs-based and embodied user experience theories in the design of DSTs could help to overcome these problems. To examine this idea, we iteratively developed a DST called Cassandra supporting anesthetic teams in crisis management, specifically focusing on psychological needs and fluent interaction with the social and physical environment. We preliminarily evaluated Cassandra in a medical simulation, requiring anesthetic teams to handle a crisis. Although not all features of Cassandra had the intended effect, the results indicated that interacting with Cassandra supported the fulfillment of the identified needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness and was seamlessly integrated into existing diagnostic processes. Considering user experience theories for the design of DSTs seems a promising way to overcome implementation and acceptance problems and eventually improve patient safety.

  @inproceedings{kluber2020experience, abstract = {Despite many advances, clinical decision support tools (DSTs) often suffer from implementation and acceptance problems in the actual clinical context. We suggest that considering psychological needs-based and embodied user experience theories in the design of DSTs could help to overcome these problems. To examine this idea, we iteratively developed a DST called Cassandra supporting anesthetic teams in crisis management, specifically focusing on psychological needs and fluent interaction with the social and physical environment. We preliminarily evaluated Cassandra in a medical simulation, requiring anesthetic teams to handle a crisis. Although not all features of Cassandra had the intended effect, the results indicated that interacting with Cassandra supported the fulfillment of the identified needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness and was seamlessly integrated into existing diagnostic processes. Considering user experience theories for the design of DSTs seems a promising way to overcome implementation and acceptance problems and eventually improve patient safety.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Kl\"{u}ber, Sara and Maas, Franzisca and Schraudt, David and Hermann, Gina and Happel, Oliver and Grundgeiger, Tobias}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2020 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference}, keywords = {grundgeiger}, pages = {1523–1535}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {DIS '20}, title = {Experience Matters: Design and Evaluation of an Anesthesia Support Tool Guided by User Experience Theory}, year = 2020 }
• Kl"u}ber, Sara, Diana L"o}ffler, Marc Hassenzahl, Ilona Nord, and J"o}rn Hurtienne. “Designing Ritual Artifacts for Technology-Mediated Relationship Transitions”. In Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction, 349–361. TEI ’20. Sydney NSW, Australia: Association for Computing Machinery, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1145/3374920.3374937.
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  Rituals are ubiquitous but not commonplace, help people to make sense of their life, and cultivate personal or social meaning. Although secularization and digitalization impact the occurrence of formal rituals, the need for marking life's transitions remains unchanged. New rituals emerge, such as marking relationship status by hanging love locks on bridges. Tangible technologies hold great potential for augmenting, changing, or enhancing ritual practices which often involve enactments and symbolic props. In this paper, we analyze individual stories of hanging love locks and derive six pointers for designing technology-mediated relationship transition rituals. We applied the pointers in the design of El Coraz'o}n, a tangible artifact for relationship transition rituals. The results of an evaluation with 20 sweethearts show that relationship rituals can be designed deliberately, that tangibles can shape ritual experiences and that technology-mediated rituals can provide people with new means of coping with relationship uncertainty.

  @inproceedings{kluber2020designing, abstract = {Rituals are ubiquitous but not commonplace, help people to make sense of their life, and cultivate personal or social meaning. Although secularization and digitalization impact the occurrence of formal rituals, the need for marking life's transitions remains unchanged. New rituals emerge, such as marking relationship status by hanging love locks on bridges. Tangible technologies hold great potential for augmenting, changing, or enhancing ritual practices which often involve enactments and symbolic props. In this paper, we analyze individual stories of hanging love locks and derive six pointers for designing technology-mediated relationship transition rituals. We applied the pointers in the design of El Coraz\'{o}n, a tangible artifact for relationship transition rituals. The results of an evaluation with 20 sweethearts show that relationship rituals can be designed deliberately, that tangibles can shape ritual experiences and that technology-mediated rituals can provide people with new means of coping with relationship uncertainty.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Kl\"{u}ber, Sara and L\"{o}ffler, Diana and Hassenzahl, Marc and Nord, Ilona and Hurtienne, J\"{o}rn}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction}, keywords = {hurtienne}, pages = {349–361}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {TEI '20}, title = {Designing Ritual Artifacts for Technology-Mediated Relationship Transitions}, year = 2020 }
• Berger, Arne, Sandra Buchmüller, Claude Draude, Sara Klüber, Henrik Mucha, and Julia Stilke. “Partizipative & Sozialverantwortliche Technikentwicklung”. Bonn, DE: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V, 2020. https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2020-ws109.
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  @misc{berger2020partizipative, address = {Bonn, DE}, author = {Berger, Arne and Buchmüller, Sandra and Draude, Claude and Klüber, Sara and Mucha, Henrik and Stilke, Julia}, howpublished = {Mensch und Computer 2020 - Workshopband}, keywords = {wolf}, publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.}, title = {Partizipative & Sozialverantwortliche Technikentwicklung}, year = 2020 }
• Kl"u}ber, Sara, Franzisca Maas, Anna Hohm, and J"o}rn Hurtienne. “Participant’s View: Short-Term Evaluation of Realizing PD Ideals”. In Proceedings of the 16th Participatory Design Conference 2020 - Participation(s) Otherwise - Volume 2, 138–142. PDC ’20. Manizales, Colombia: Association for Computing Machinery, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1145/3384772.3385145.
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  Participatory Design (PD) has long been described as a way to democratize technology development by involving those affected by the outcomes. Besides a good fit of technology as the outcome, PD allows participants to ‘have a say’, and supports ‘mutual learning’ and ‘co-realization’. A diverse range of PD methods has been developed, but there is a shortage of empirical studies showing whether (and why) these methods help pursue PD ideals. We therefore report on a case study of a short-term evaluation approach that may exemplary close this gap, and that allowed us to gain more knowledge on how our method affected participants. Participants perceived moderate to high feelings of ‘having a say’, ‘mutual learning’, and ‘co-realization’. In future research, mutual learning may exemplarily be improved by introducing a changing peer-to-peer procedure to the method. The evaluation may further be advanced by taking expectations into account.

  @inproceedings{kluber2020participants, abstract = {Participatory Design (PD) has long been described as a way to democratize technology development by involving those affected by the outcomes. Besides a good fit of technology as the outcome, PD allows participants to ‘have a say’, and supports ‘mutual learning’ and ‘co-realization’. A diverse range of PD methods has been developed, but there is a shortage of empirical studies showing whether (and why) these methods help pursue PD ideals. We therefore report on a case study of a short-term evaluation approach that may exemplary close this gap, and that allowed us to gain more knowledge on how our method affected participants. Participants perceived moderate to high feelings of ‘having a say’, ‘mutual learning’, and ‘co-realization’. In future research, mutual learning may exemplarily be improved by introducing a changing peer-to-peer procedure to the method. The evaluation may further be advanced by taking expectations into account.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Kl\"{u}ber, Sara and Maas, Franzisca and Hohm, Anna and Hurtienne, J\"{o}rn}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th Participatory Design Conference 2020 - Participation(s) Otherwise - Volume 2}, keywords = {hurtienne}, pages = {138–142}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {PDC '20}, title = {Participant's View: Short-Term Evaluation of Realizing PD Ideals}, year = 2020 }

• Klueber, Sara, Erik Wolf, Tobias Grundgeiger, Birgit Brecknell, Ismail Mohamed, and Penelope M. Sanderson. “Supporting Multiple Patient Monitoring With Head-Worn Displays and Spearcons”. Applied Ergonomics 78 (2019): 86-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2019.01.009.
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  In hospitals, clinicians often need to monitor several patients while performing other tasks. However, visual displays that show patients' vital signs are in fixed locations and auditory alarms intended to alert clinicians may be missed. Information such as spearcons (time-compressed speech earcons) that ‘travels’ with the clinician and is delivered by earpiece and/or head-worn displays (HWDs), might overcome these problems. In this study, non-clinicians monitored five simulated patients in three 10-min scenarios while performing a demanding tracking task. Monitoring accuracy was better for participants using spearcons and a HWD (88.7%) or a HWD alone (86.2%) than for participants using spearcons alone (74.1%). Participants using the spearcons and HWD (37.7%) performed the tracking task no differently from participants using spearcons alone (37.1%) but participants using the HWD alone performed worse overall (33.1%). The combination of both displays may be a suitable solution for monitoring multiple patients.

  @article{klueber2019headworn, abstract = {In hospitals, clinicians often need to monitor several patients while performing other tasks. However, visual displays that show patients' vital signs are in fixed locations and auditory alarms intended to alert clinicians may be missed. Information such as spearcons (time-compressed speech earcons) that ‘travels’ with the clinician and is delivered by earpiece and/or head-worn displays (HWDs), might overcome these problems. In this study, non-clinicians monitored five simulated patients in three 10-min scenarios while performing a demanding tracking task. Monitoring accuracy was better for participants using spearcons and a HWD (88.7%) or a HWD alone (86.2%) than for participants using spearcons alone (74.1%). Participants using the spearcons and HWD (37.7%) performed the tracking task no differently from participants using spearcons alone (37.1%) but participants using the HWD alone performed worse overall (33.1%). The combination of both displays may be a suitable solution for monitoring multiple patients.}, author = {Klueber, Sara and Wolf, Erik and Grundgeiger, Tobias and Brecknell, Birgit and Mohamed, Ismail and Sanderson, Penelope M.}, journal = {Applied Ergonomics}, keywords = {wolf}, pages = {86-96}, title = {Supporting Multiple Patient Monitoring with Head-Worn Displays and Spearcons}, volume = 78, year = 2019 }
• Wolf, Erik, Sara Klüber, Chris Zimmerer, Jean-Luc Lugrin, and Marc Erich Latoschik. “‘Paint That Object Yellow’: Multimodal Interaction to Enhance Creativity During Design Tasks in VR”. In 2019 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, 195-204. https://doi.org/10.1145/3340555.3353724.
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  Virtual reality (VR) has always been considered a promising medium to support designers with alternative work environments. Still, graphical user interfaces are prone to induce attention shifts between the user interface and the manipulated target objects which hampers the creative process. This work proposes a speech-and-gesture-based interaction paradigm for creative tasks in VR. We developed a multimodal toolbox (MTB) for VR-based design applications and compared it to a typical unimodal menu-based toolbox (UTB). The comparison uses a design-oriented use-case and mea-sures flow, usability, and presence as relevant characteristicsfor a VR-based design process. The multimodal approach (1) led to a lower perceived task duration and a higher reported feeling of flow. It (2) provided a higher intuitive use and a lower mental workload while not being slower than an UTB. Finally, it (3) generated a higher feeling of presence. Overall, our results confirm significant advantages of the proposed multimodal interaction paradigm and the developed MTB for important characteristics of design processes in VR.

  @inproceedings{wolf2019paint, abstract = {Virtual reality (VR) has always been considered a promising medium to support designers with alternative work environments. Still, graphical user interfaces are prone to induce attention shifts between the user interface and the manipulated target objects which hampers the creative process. This work proposes a speech-and-gesture-based interaction paradigm for creative tasks in VR. We developed a multimodal toolbox (MTB) for VR-based design applications and compared it to a typical unimodal menu-based toolbox (UTB). The comparison uses a design-oriented use-case and mea-sures flow, usability, and presence as relevant characteristicsfor a VR-based design process. The multimodal approach (1) led to a lower perceived task duration and a higher reported feeling of flow. It (2) provided a higher intuitive use and a lower mental workload while not being slower than an UTB. Finally, it (3) generated a higher feeling of presence. Overall, our results confirm significant advantages of the proposed multimodal interaction paradigm and the developed MTB for important characteristics of design processes in VR.}, author = {Wolf, Erik and Klüber, Sara and Zimmerer, Chris and Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2019 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction}, keywords = {wolf}, note = {Best Paper Runner-Up 🏆}, pages = {195-204}, title = {"Paint That Object Yellow": Multimodal Interaction to Enhance Creativity During Design Tasks in VR}, year = 2019 }
• Sanderson, Penelope M., Birgit Brecknell, SokYee Leong, Sara Klueber, Erik Wolf, Anna Hickling, Tsz-Lok Tang, Emilea Bell, Simon Y. W. Li, and Robert G. Loeb. “Monitoring Vital Signs With Time-Compressed Speech”. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 25, no. 4 (2019): 647–673. https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000217.
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  Spearcons—time-compressed speech phrases—may be an effective way of communicating vital signs to clinicians without disturbing patients and their families. Four experiments tested the effectiveness of spearcons for conveying oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate (HR) of one or more patients. Experiment 1 demonstrated that spearcons were more effective than earcons (abstract auditory motifs) at conveying clinical ranges. Experiment 2 demonstrated that casual listeners could not learn to decipher the spearcons whereas listeners told the exact vocabulary could. Experiment 3 demonstrated that participants could interpret sequences of sounds representing multiple patients better with spearcons than with pitch-based earcons, especially when tones replaced the spearcons for normal patients. Experiment 4 compared multiple-patient monitoring of two vital signs with either spearcons, a visual display showing SpO2 and HR in the same temporal sequence as the spearcons, or a visual display showing multiple patient levels simultaneously. All displays conveyed which patients were abnormal with high accuracy. Visual displays better conveyed the vital sign levels for each patient, but cannot be used eyes-free. All displays showed accuracy decrements with working memory load. Spearcons may be viable for single and multiple patient monitoring. Further research should test spearcons with more vital signs, during multitasking, and longitudinally.

  @article{sanderson2019monitoring, abstract = {Spearcons—time-compressed speech phrases—may be an effective way of communicating vital signs to clinicians without disturbing patients and their families. Four experiments tested the effectiveness of spearcons for conveying oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate (HR) of one or more patients. Experiment 1 demonstrated that spearcons were more effective than earcons (abstract auditory motifs) at conveying clinical ranges. Experiment 2 demonstrated that casual listeners could not learn to decipher the spearcons whereas listeners told the exact vocabulary could. Experiment 3 demonstrated that participants could interpret sequences of sounds representing multiple patients better with spearcons than with pitch-based earcons, especially when tones replaced the spearcons for normal patients. Experiment 4 compared multiple-patient monitoring of two vital signs with either spearcons, a visual display showing SpO2 and HR in the same temporal sequence as the spearcons, or a visual display showing multiple patient levels simultaneously. All displays conveyed which patients were abnormal with high accuracy. Visual displays better conveyed the vital sign levels for each patient, but cannot be used eyes-free. All displays showed accuracy decrements with working memory load. Spearcons may be viable for single and multiple patient monitoring. Further research should test spearcons with more vital signs, during multitasking, and longitudinally.}, author = {Sanderson, Penelope M. and Brecknell, Birgit and Leong, SokYee and Klueber, Sara and Wolf, Erik and Hickling, Anna and Tang, Tsz-Lok and Bell, Emilea and Li, Simon Y. W. and Loeb, Robert G.}, journal = {Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied}, keywords = {wolf}, number = 4, pages = {647–673}, title = {Monitoring Vital Signs with Time-Compressed Speech}, volume = 25, year = 2019 }